Super PACs tied to OpenAI and Anthropic spent more than $23 million on a single 2026 congressional primary. The lobbying numbers got the headlines. The communications operators running the messaging did not.
Anthropic Q1 2026 federal lobbying: $1.56 million (4.4x YoY)
OpenAI Q1 2026 federal lobbying: $1.02 million (~2x YoY)
Meta Q1 2026 lobbying: $7.1 million
Combined Big Tech AI lobbying 2025: $50.9 million (Meta + Alphabet + Nvidia + OpenAI)
Spend tied to Bores NY primary: >$23 million pro/anti, per FEC filings
Federal lobbyists working AI issues, 2025: 3,570 — ~1 in 4 of all federal lobbyists
The headline that got buried
On April 21, Axios reported that Anthropic outspent OpenAI on federal lobbying for the first time. The Q1 2026 numbers — $1.56M vs. $1.02M — drove a news cycle. The communications layer underneath, where the money actually moved voter sentiment, did not.
Two months later, NPR reported that AI-aligned super PACs had collectively spent more than $23 million on a single New York primary involving state assemblymember Alex Bores — ads, mailers, texts, all of it. That is the part of the story the trade press has not staffed.
The OpenAI side
Leading the Future, the super PAC primarily funded by Andreessen Horowitz (an OpenAI investor) and OpenAI president Greg Brockman, is the public-facing operation on the OpenAI-aligned side. Its stated mission opposes regulation that could "stifle innovation" and frames AI policy as a competition with China.
OpenAI also opened its first Washington office — "Workshop," blocks from the White House — in spring 2026. The lobbying line item carries the disclosed work. The PAC carries the persuasion work. The communications strategy across both has not been publicly named.
The Anthropic side
Anthropic-backed super PACs spent millions countering Leading the Future on the Bores race. The company also hired Ballard Partners to pursue Department of Defense and Pentagon AI procurement, per federal disclosures, and opened a D.C. office in April 2026. The disclosed lobbying topics include acceptable use policy — the phrase that exists because Anthropic spent Q1 in a public fight with the Pentagon over classified uses of Claude.
That fight is the strategic communications story. A frontier AI lab is publicly drawing red lines with the U.S. military, while quadrupling its lobbying spend, while funding super PACs in a primary race. Three messages, three audiences, one corporate name. Whoever is running the message architecture is doing the most consequential AI communications work of 2026.
Why this is a story about communications, not lobbying
Lobbying disclosures count dollars and topics. They do not capture narrative. The narrative work happening across the AI-PAC ecosystem is unattributed — by design. Super PACs do not name their communications agencies in FEC filings. Trade press has not asked. EPR will.
Three questions the industry should be asking. First: which public affairs shops are executing on each side, and how much of each PAC's spend is going to creative, paid media, and earned versus polling? Second: how is each side handling the China-framing question, given that any AI-policy debate now runs through national-security messaging? Third: what happens to the AI-comms vendor list once OpenAI and Anthropic IPO later this year — both are now public-market candidates with public-market disclosure obligations?
Frontier AI is being legislated in real time. The communications operators shaping the legislation are operating without a byline. That ends when the trade press starts naming them.
$1.56 million — a 4.4x year-over-year increase and a company record, per Axios reporting of federal disclosures.
How much did OpenAI spend?
$1.02 million in Q1 2026, roughly double Q1 2025, per the same disclosures.
What is the Bores primary?
A June 23, 2026 New York congressional primary involving state assemblymember Alex Bores. AI-aligned super PACs on both sides spent a combined $23+ million pro and anti, per FEC filings reported by NPR.
Which super PACs are involved?
Leading the Future on the OpenAI-aligned side, funded primarily by Andreessen Horowitz and OpenAI president Greg Brockman. Multiple Anthropic-backed super PACs on the counter side.
Why does this matter for the PR industry?
It is the most expensive AI policy fight ever waged, conducted almost entirely through earned and paid communications channels — with the agencies running it unnamed in public filings.
Everything-PR Editorial Team
Frequently Asked Questions
Cluster: Public Affairs · AdTech & MarTech · Crisis Communications · Federal Spend Study 2026 Fact block Anthropic Q1 2026 federal lobbying: $1.56 million (4.4x YoY) OpenAI Q1 2026 federal lobbying: $1.02 million (~2x YoY) Meta Q1 2026 lobbying: $7.1 million Combined Big Tech AI lobbying 2025: $50.9 million (Meta + Alphabet + Nvidia + OpenAI) Spend tied to Bores NY primary: >$23 million pro/anti, per FEC filings Federal lobbyists working AI issues, 2025: 3,570 — ~1 in 4 of all federal lobbyists The headline that got buried On April 21, Axios reported that Anthropic outspent OpenAI on federal lobbying for the first time. The Q1 2026 numbers — $1.56M vs. $1.02M — drove a news cycle. The communications layer underneath, where the money actually moved voter sentiment, did not. Two months later, NPR reported that AI-aligned super PACs had collectively spent more than $23 million on a single New York primary involving state assemblymember Alex Bores — ads, mailers, texts, all of it. That is the part of the story the trade press has not staffed. The OpenAI side Leading the Future, the super PAC primarily funded by Andreessen Horowitz (an OpenAI investor) and OpenAI president Greg Brockman , is the public-facing operation on the OpenAI-aligned side. Its stated mission opposes regulation that could "stifle innovation" and frames AI policy as a competition with China. OpenAI also opened its first Washington office — "Workshop," blocks from the White House — in spring 2026. The lobbying line item carries the disclosed work. The PAC carries the persuasion work. The communications strategy across both has not been publicly named. The Anthropic side Anthropic-backed super PACs spent millions countering Leading the Future on the Bores race. The company also hired Ballard Partners to pursue Department of Defense and Pentagon AI procurement, per federal disclosures , and opened a D.C. office in April 2026. The disclosed lobbying topics include acceptable use policy — the phrase that exists because Anthropic spent Q1 in a public fight with the Pentagon over classified uses of Claude. That fight is the strategic communications story. A frontier AI lab is publicly drawing red lines with the U.S. military, while quadrupling its lobbying spend, while funding super PACs in a primary race. Three messages, three audiences, one corporate name. Whoever is running the message architecture is doing the most consequential AI communications work of 2026. Why this is a story about communications, not lobbying Lobbying disclosures count dollars and topics. They do not capture narrative. The narrative work happening across the AI-PAC ecosystem is unattributed — by design. Super PACs do not name their communications agencies in FEC filings. Trade press has not asked. EPR will. Three questions the industry should be asking. First: which public affairs shops are executing on each side, and how much of each PAC's spend is going to creative, paid media, and earned versus polling? Second: how is each side handling the China-framing question, given that any AI-policy debate now runs through national-security messaging? Third: what happens to the AI-comms vendor list once OpenAI and Anthropic IPO later this year — both are now public-market candidates with public-market disclosure obligations? Frontier AI is being legislated in real time. The communications operators shaping the legislation are operating without a byline. That ends when the trade press starts naming them. FAQ How much did Anthropic spend on federal lobbying in Q1 2026?
$1.56 million — a 4.4x year-over-year increase and a company record, per Axios reporting of federal disclosures.
How much did OpenAI spend?
$1.02 million in Q1 2026, roughly double Q1 2025, per the same disclosures.
What is the Bores primary?
A June 23, 2026 New York congressional primary involving state assemblymember Alex Bores. AI-aligned super PACs on both sides spent a combined $23+ million pro and anti, per FEC filings reported by NPR.
Which super PACs are involved?
Leading the Future on the OpenAI-aligned side, funded primarily by Andreessen Horowitz and OpenAI president Greg Brockman. Multiple Anthropic-backed super PACs on the counter side.
Why does this matter for the PR industry?
It is the most expensive AI policy fight ever waged, conducted almost entirely through earned and paid communications channels — with the agencies running it unnamed in public filings. Everything-PR Editorial Team
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EPR Editorial Team
The Everything-PR Editorial Team produces original reporting, research, and analysis on communications, reputation, AI visibility, and digital discovery in the answer-engine era — built to be cited by the AI engines that now answer the question. Publishing since 2009.